iOS 13 适配之旅（上）

发表于 分类于

前段时间官方开放了 iOS 13.0 的公测版本，不得不说，今年的 iOS 带给开发者的 “惊喜” 还真是蛮多的呀，不多说了，直接进入主题，开始进行新系统适配工作吧。首先，来看看 iOS 13 给开发者带来的变化：

  • Dark Model 黑暗模式来袭
  • Apple ID 快捷登录
  • SF Symbols 系统内置图标库
  • KVC 使用限制
  • PresentViewController 默认跳转交互方式更改
  • 3D Touch 按压力度变化
  • UISegmentedControl 默认样式改变
  • CNCopyCurrentNetworkInfo 变化
  • UITabbar 层次发生改变，无法通过设置 shadowImage 去掉上面的线
  • App 启动过程中，部分 View 可能无法实时获取到 Frame
  • UIActivityIndicatorView style 变更
  • UIStatusBar style 变更

Dark Model

这应该是 iOS 13 中最磨人的一个适配项了。
Dark Model 适配主要有以下几点: 1. UIColor 2. UIImage 3. UIBlurEffect
并且苹果规定: iOS 13.0 正式版发布以后，所有项目**必须强制适配**该功能，适配任务刻不容缓。

1. UIColor 适配

iOS 13 中，UIColor 不再是一种颜色，而是一个动态颜色。在 Light Mode 和 Dark Mode 可以分别设置不同的颜色。以下是官方提供的一些动态色:

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@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemIndigoColor       API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemBrownColor        API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGray2Color        API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGray3Color        API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGray4Color        API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGray5Color        API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGray6Color        API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *labelColor              API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *secondaryLabelColor     API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *tertiaryLabelColor      API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *quaternaryLabelColor    API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *linkColor               API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *placeholderTextColor    API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *separatorColor          API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *opaqueSeparatorColor    API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemBackgroundColor                   API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *secondarySystemBackgroundColor          API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *tertiarySystemBackgroundColor           API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGroupedBackgroundColor            API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *secondarySystemGroupedBackgroundColor   API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *tertiarySystemGroupedBackgroundColor    API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemFillColor                         API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *secondarySystemFillColor                API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *tertiarySystemFillColor                 API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *quaternarySystemFillColor               API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);

系统提供的动态 UIColor 样式和之前方法一样，不需要其他的适配操作。但在实际开发过程，系统提供的这些颜色还远远不够，因此我们需要创建更多的动态颜色。

在 iOS 13 中 UIColor 增加了两个初始化方法，使用以下方法可以创建动态 UIColor。

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+ (UIColor *)colorWithDynamicProvider:(UIColor * (^)(UITraitCollection *traitCollection))dynamicProvider API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
- (UIColor *)initWithDynamicProvider:(UIColor * (^)(UITraitCollection *traitCollection))dynamicProvider API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
  • 这两个方法要求传一个 block 进去
  • 当系统在 LightMode 和 DarkMode 之间相互切换时就会触发此回调
  • 这个 block 会返回一个 UITraitCollection 类
  • 我们需要使用其属性 userInterfaceStyle，它是一个枚举类型，会告诉我们当前是 LightMode 还是DarkMode
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typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIUserInterfaceStyle) {
    UIUserInterfaceStyleUnspecified,
    UIUserInterfaceStyleLight,
    UIUserInterfaceStyleDark,
} API_AVAILABLE(tvos(10.0)) API_AVAILABLE(ios(12.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);

实际使用代码演示

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+ (UIColor *)darkWhiteColor {
    UIColor *color = [UIColor whiteColor];
#if __IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= 130000
    if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) {
        color = [UIColor colorWithDynamicProvider:^UIColor * _Nonnull(UITraitCollection * _Nonnull trainCollection) {
            if ([trainCollection userInterfaceStyle] == UIUserInterfaceStyleDark) {
                return [UIColor blackColor];
            }
            return [UIColor whiteColor];
        }];
    }
#endif
    return color;
}

2. UIImage 适配

  • 打开 Assets.xcassets
  • 打开右侧工具栏，点击最后一栏，找到 Appearances，选择 Any，Dark
  • 将两种模式下不同的图片资源都拖进去

或者，你可以这样写:

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+ (UIImage *)imageWithNamed:(NSString *)name drakImageWithName:(NSString *)drakName {
    UIImage *resultImage = [UIImage imageNamed:name];
    if (UITraitCollection.currentTraitCollection.userInterfaceStyle == UIUserInterfaceStyleDark) {
        resultImage = [UIImage imageNamed:drakName];
    }
    return resultImage;
}

3. UIBlurEffect 适配

iOS 13 中，UIBlurEffect 增加了几个新的枚举值。

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UIBlurEffectStyleSystemUltraThinMaterial        API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos, tvos),
UIBlurEffectStyleSystemThinMaterial             API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos, tvos),
UIBlurEffectStyleSystemMaterial                 API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos, tvos),
UIBlurEffectStyleSystemThickMaterial            API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos, tvos),
UIBlurEffectStyleSystemChromeMaterial           API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos, tvos),

UIBlurEffectStyleSystemUltraThinMaterialLight   API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos, tvos),
UIBlurEffectStyleSystemThinMaterialLight        API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos, tvos),
UIBlurEffectStyleSystemMaterialLight            API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos, tvos),
UIBlurEffectStyleSystemThickMaterialLight       API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos, tvos),
UIBlurEffectStyleSystemChromeMaterialLight      API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos, tvos),

UIBlurEffectStyleSystemUltraThinMaterialDark    API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos, tvos),
UIBlurEffectStyleSystemThinMaterialDark         API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos, tvos),
UIBlurEffectStyleSystemMaterialDark             API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos, tvos),
UIBlurEffectStyleSystemThickMaterialDark        API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos, tvos),
UIBlurEffectStyleSystemChromeMaterialDark       API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos, tvos)

其中，最上面的 5 项是会根据系统模式改变而自动而改变的(类似于动态 UIColor)，后面的则是单一的模式。

实际使用代码演示

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UIBlurEffect *effect = [UIBlurEffect effectWithStyle:UIBlurEffectStyleLight];
#if __IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= 130000
    if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) {
        effect = [UIBlurEffect effectWithStyle:UIBlurEffectStyleSystemMaterial];
    }
#endif

4. 其他

获取当前模式

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if (UITraitCollection.currentTraitCollection.userInterfaceStyle == UIUserInterfaceStyleDark) {
    NSLog(@"DarkMode");
} else {
    NSLog(@"LightMode");
}

监听模式切换

重写方法:

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- (void)traitCollectionDidChange:(UITraitCollection *)previousTraitCollection {
	  [super traitCollectionDidChange:previousTraitCollection];
		UIImage *resultImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@“name”];
    	if (UITraitCollection.currentTraitCollection.userInterfaceStyle == UIUserInterfaceStyleDark) {
        	resultImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@“drakName”];
    	}
    	self.imageView.image = resultImage;
}

如何在模式切换时打印日志

在 Arguments 中的 Arguments Passed On Launch 里面添加下面这行命令。

UITraitCollectionChangeLoggingEnabled YES

Sign In with Apple

Sign In with Apple 也是 iOS 13 中的一个特色，或许是苹果爸爸眼红了三方登录市场，要求所有的 App 凡是有微信、微博、Facebook、Google 等第三方平台登陆的功能，都**必须强制增加** Sign In with Apple，并且要排在前面，在一屏内必须能发现其位置，不可通过滑动界面才能看到。Apple 为开发者提供了三种样式，更多资料见官方文档这里就不再过多介绍。

使用 Sign In With Apple 的流程为：

  1. 设置 ASAuthorizationAppleIDButton 相关布局，添加相应地授权处理；

  2. 获取授权码；

  3. 验证；

  4. 处理 Sign In With Apple 授权状态变化；

注意事项

  • 和往常一样，需要在苹果后台打开 Sign In with Apple 选项，并且重新生成 Profiles 配置文件，并安装到 Xcode 11
  • 在 Xcode 11 的 Signing & Capabilities中 添加 Sign In With Apple

如图所示:

开发工作

  1. 导入 #import <AuthenticationServices/AuthenticationServices.h>
  2. 遵循 ASAuthorizationControllerPresentationContextProviding 和 ASAuthorizationControllerDelegate 协议
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if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) { 
		ASAuthorizationAppleIDButton *appleIDBtn = [ASAuthorizationAppleIDButton buttonWithType:ASAuthorizationAppleIDButtonTypeDefault style:ASAuthorizationAppleIDButtonStyleWhite]; 		appleIDBtn.frame = CGRectMake(30, 180, self.view.bounds.size.width - 60, 60); 
		appleBtn.cornerRadius = 22.f; 
		[appleIDBtn addTarget:self action:@selector(handleAuthorizationAppleIDButtonPress:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; 
		[self.view addSubview:appleIDBtn]; 
}

系统为我们提供了三种样式，分别是白底黑字无边框、白底黑字有边框、黑底白字无边框:

  • ASAuthorizationAppleIDButtonStyleWhite,
  • ASAuthorizationAppleIDButtonStyleWhiteOutline,
  • ASAuthorizationAppleIDButtonStyleBlack,
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#if __IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= 130000

- (void)handleAuthorizationAppleIDButtonPress:(ASAuthorizationAppleIDButton *)sender API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) {
    
    if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) {
        // 基于用户的Apple ID授权用户，生成用户授权请求的一种机制
        ASAuthorizationAppleIDProvider *appleIDProvider = [[ASAuthorizationAppleIDProvider alloc] init];
        // 创建新的AppleID 授权请求
        ASAuthorizationAppleIDRequest *appleIDRequest = [appleIDProvider createRequest];
        // 在用户授权期间请求的联系信息
        appleIDRequest.requestedScopes = @[ASAuthorizationScopeFullName, ASAuthorizationScopeEmail];
        // 由ASAuthorizationAppleIDProvider创建的授权请求 管理授权请求的控制器
        ASAuthorizationController *authorizationController = [[ASAuthorizationController alloc] initWithAuthorizationRequests:@[appleIDRequest]];
        // 设置授权控制器通知授权请求的成功与失败的代理
        authorizationController.delegate = self;
        // 设置提供 展示上下文的代理，在这个上下文中 系统可以展示授权界面给用户
        authorizationController.presentationContextProvider = self;
        // 在控制器初始化期间启动授权流
        [authorizationController performRequests];
    }
}


#pragma mark - delegate

//授权成功地回调
- (void)authorizationController:(ASAuthorizationController *)controller didCompleteWithAuthorization:(ASAuthorization *)authorization API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) {
    NSLog(@"授权完成:::%@", authorization.credential);
    NSLog(@"%s", __FUNCTION__);
    NSLog(@"%@", controller);
    NSLog(@"%@", authorization);
    
    if ([authorization.credential isKindOfClass:[ASAuthorizationAppleIDCredential class]]) {
        ASAuthorizationAppleIDCredential *appleIDCredential = authorization.credential;
        NSString *user = appleIDCredential.user;
        NSString *familyName = appleIDCredential.fullName.familyName;
        NSString *givenName = appleIDCredential.fullName.givenName;
        NSString *email = appleIDCredential.email;
//        NSData *identityToken = appleIDCredential.identityToken;
//        NSData *authorizationCode = appleIDCredential.authorizationCode;
        
        NSLog(@"user ->  %@, familyName ->  %@, givenName ->  %@, email ->  %@", user, familyName, givenName, email);
        
    } else if ([authorization.credential isKindOfClass:[ASPasswordCredential class]])
    {
        // 用户登录使用现有的密码凭证
        ASPasswordCredential *passwordCredential = authorization.credential;
        // 密码凭证对象的用户标识 用户的唯一标识
        NSString *user = passwordCredential.user;
        // 密码凭证对象的密码
        NSString *password = passwordCredential.password;
        
        NSLog(@"user ->  %@, password ->  %@", user, password);
        
    } else
    {
        NSLog(@"授权信息均不符");
    }
}

// 授权失败的回调
- (void)authorizationController:(ASAuthorizationController *)controller didCompleteWithError:(NSError *)error API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) {
    
    NSLog(@"Handle error：%@", error);
    NSString *errorMsg = nil;
    switch (error.code) {
        case ASAuthorizationErrorCanceled:
            errorMsg = @"用户取消了授权请求";
            break;
        case ASAuthorizationErrorFailed:
            errorMsg = @"授权请求失败";
            break;
        case ASAuthorizationErrorInvalidResponse:
            errorMsg = @"授权请求响应无效";
            break;
        case ASAuthorizationErrorNotHandled:
            errorMsg = @"未能处理授权请求";
            break;
        case ASAuthorizationErrorUnknown:
            errorMsg = @"授权请求失败未知原因";
            break;
            
        default:
            break;
    }
    
    NSMutableString *mStr = [NSMutableString string];
    [mStr appendString:@"\n"];
    [mStr appendString:errorMsg];
    [mStr appendString:@"\n"];
    NSLog(@"error  ->>>>  %@", mStr);
}

// 告诉代理应该在哪个window 展示内容给用户
- (ASPresentationAnchor)presentationAnchorForAuthorizationController:(ASAuthorizationController *)controller API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) {
    return self.view.window;
}

#endif

在授权登录成功回调中，我们可以拿到以下几类数据

  • UserID: 苹果用户唯一标识符，该值在同一个开发者账号下的所有 App 下是一样的，开发者可以用该唯一标识符与自己后台系统的账号体系绑定起来（这与国内的微信、QQ、微博等第三方登录流程基本一致）
  • Verification data: Identity token, code，验证数据，用于传给开发者后台服务器，然后开发者服务器再向苹果的身份验证服务端验证，本次授权登录请求数据的有效性和真实性，详见 Sign In with Apple REST API
  • Account information: 苹果用户信息，包括全名、邮箱等，注意：如果用户登录时拒绝提供真实的邮箱账号，苹果会生成虚拟的邮箱账号
  • 验证: 关于验证的这一步，需要传递授权码给自己的服务端，自己的服务端调用苹果 API 去校验授权码 Generate and validate tokens。如果验证成功，可以根据 userIdentifier 判断账号是否已存在，若存在，则返回自己账号系统的登录态，若不存在，则创建一个新的账号，并返回对应的登录状态给 App.

监听授权状态变化

监听授权状态改变，并且做出相应处理。授权状态有:

  • ASAuthorizationAppleIDProviderCredentialRevoked 授权状态失效（用户停止使用AppID 登录App）
  • ASAuthorizationAppleIDProviderCredentialAuthorized 已授权(已使用AppleID 登录过App）
  • ASAuthorizationAppleIDProviderCredentialNotFound 授权凭证缺失（可能是使用AppleID 登录过App）

处理改变有 2 种处理方式，一种是通过通知的方式，另一种是监听当前的 appleIDCredential.user 的授权状态。

  1. 监听 appleIDCredential.user 的授权状态
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#pragma mark - Private functions
//! 观察授权状态
- (void)observeAuthticationState {
    
    if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) {
        ASAuthorizationAppleIDProvider *appleIDProvider = [ASAuthorizationAppleIDProvider new];
        // 注意 存储用户标识信息需要使用钥匙串来存储 这里笔者简单期间 使用NSUserDefaults 做的简单示例
        NSString *userIdentifier = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] valueForKey:QiShareCurrentIdentifier];
        
        if (userIdentifier) {
            NSString* __block errorMsg = nil;
            // 在回调中返回用户的授权状态
            [appleIDProvider getCredentialStateForUserID:userIdentifier completion:^(ASAuthorizationAppleIDProviderCredentialState credentialState, NSError * _Nullable error) {
                switch (credentialState) {
                        // 苹果证书的授权状态
                    case ASAuthorizationAppleIDProviderCredentialRevoked:
                        // 苹果授权凭证失效
                        errorMsg = @"苹果授权凭证失效";
                        break;
                    case ASAuthorizationAppleIDProviderCredentialAuthorized:
                        // 苹果授权凭证状态良好
                        errorMsg = @"苹果授权凭证状态良好";
                        break;
                    case ASAuthorizationAppleIDProviderCredentialNotFound:
                        // 未发现苹果授权凭证
                        errorMsg = @"未发现苹果授权凭证";
                        // 可以引导用户重新登录
                        break;
                }
                dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                    NSLog(@"SignInWithApple授权状态变化情况");
                    NSLog(@"%@", errorMsg);
                });
            }];
            
        }
    }
}

建议这部分代码可以放到 AppDelegate 的 - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions 中，判断是否需要展示出登录控制器.

  1. 使用通知的方式检测是否授权应用支持 Sign In With Apple 变化情况。如下的代码可以根据自己的业务场景去考虑放置的位置。
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// 添加苹果登录的状态通知
- (void)observeAppleSignInState {
    if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) {
        NSNotificationCenter *center = [NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter];
        [center addObserver:self selector:@selector(handleSignInWithAppleStateChanged:) name:ASAuthorizationAppleIDProviderCredentialRevokedNotification object:nil];
    }
}

// 观察SignInWithApple状态改变
- (void)handleSignInWithAppleStateChanged:(id)noti {
    NSLog(@"%s", __FUNCTION__);
    NSLog(@"%@", noti);
}

- (void)dealloc {
    if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) {
        [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self name:ASAuthorizationAppleIDProviderCredentialRevokedNotification object:nil];
    }
}